Research-based report and analysis

Ethical preaching in the pulpit: Is it happening?

 

Jim Boushay and Rickey Sain
December 26, 2006

 

Joy to the world when heaven and nature preach

·         Pursuit of vision. I have lived in the pursuit of a vision both personal and social. Personal: to care for what is noble, for what is beautiful, for what is gentle; to allow moments of insight to give wisdom at more mundane times. Social: to see in imagination the society that is to be created, where individuals grow freely, and where hate and greed and envy die because there is nothing to nourish them. These things I believe. And the world, for all its horrors, has left me unshaken.

—Bertrand Russell, from Autobiography of Bertrand Russell, volume 3, 1969

 

 

Was the Christmas season sermon out of date or out of touch in these too-fast-moving times of war and peace? Did it speak to the cultural longing for clearer social meaning and more focused religious purpose? Was it able to relieve some of the nation’s polarizing political conflicts and moral tensions?

 

One way to answer those three questions is with yet another and related question: Is pulpit preaching ethical? In other words, did the preaching in neighborhood churches at Christmas time tell the truth of human failings and foolishness? And did it, as well, point in the more important direction of a fuller vision of ways to achieve more of the common good all through the year—both material and spiritual good? In these times of seeming economic scarcity and of the plague of war, did the preaching ethically address those and other bedeviling concerns of health and wellness?

 

At home we each asked the other a few of those same questions about preaching. Particularly would we come upon germane, Jesus-centered preaching during the last half of December as the Christian world observes the four Sundays before Christmas, known as Advent, in anticipation of the December 25 ritual celebration of the Christ child’s birth? The Old Testament’s book of the prophet Isaiah foretells the hope and birth of a redeeming savior. Drawing from Isaiah as well, three of the four New Testament evangelists—Matthew, Luke, John—speak of the overwhelmingly good tidings in the birth of Jesus.

 

Nearly any question about out-of-touch or unethical preaching is likely to produce some controversy, certainly at any time of the year and even more so during the avowedly religious and sacred season of Advent leading to Christmas. Good! The controversy can be helpful in several ways.

 

In late December we deliberately went in search of good preaching across a half-dozen Christian denominations in Chicagoland. We visited churches within about a two-mile walking distance from our home across the street from Oak Park Conservatory, a landmark compass point.

 

In a sense we went on a local pilgrimage, seeking larger global truths, wondering aloud in particular if good preaching might have a practical positive impact on shaping cultural values
and attitudes, especially on the things we say and do flowing from expressions of those attitudes.

 

What were the results of the search from December 17 to 25? At one church to remain nameless, we heard ineffective preaching, primarily because the preacher seemed unprepared in the subject matter while also halting in delivery. At the remaining five places of worship we heard generally compelling examples of effective and helpful preaching. The five included two churches in Oak Park—Ascension Catholic Church and Good Shepherd Lutheran Church; one in contiguous River Forest—First Presbyterian Church; one nearby on the northwest side of Chicago—Galewood Community United Church of Christ; and one directly west in Forest Park—St. Bernardine Church.

 

Before indicating what we found, we acknowledge upfront two of our biases concerning good preaching. For one, there’s great comfort in hearing the preached words well, carefully hearing them spoken slowly, not having to strain to hear, a difficulty resulting from either a less than sufficient church sound system or different kinds of hearing impairments among congregants. For us that kind of heard preaching generated a feeling of relaxation and acceptance in the moment of hearing the sermon delivered. Nothing surpasses a good story—one told and heard well—a rich story drawn from a combination of secular and sacred material which the preacher uses to ensure a delivery that is heard well by a captive audience.

 

The second bias is a preference for preaching arising from a pastoral theology which is deeply interdisciplinary and cross-disciplinary. That kind of preaching draws from materials cutting across geographic boundaries and conventional categories. Expansive preaching that avoids diminishment based on identity politics or on forms of social stratification undoubtedly has capacity to capture the imagination in new ways.

 

In the five spaces where the preaching was, we think, quite effective, each preacher openly acknowledged that American society is living in contradiction, with references made more than once to the not-going-away-anytime-soon tensions of war and peace, scarcity and abundance, the profane and holy, and other polarities bedeviling our lives.

 

To us this was good preaching. It was mindful that the People of God are pretty much doing the best we can in a time of violence and grossest confusion. Variously the preachers were clear that we are dependent on divine justice and mercy…and on the Christian imperative which beckons us to grow into our higher human selves. Gently that imperative urges us on to compromise and to forgiveness of each other’s weaknesses, moving us more toward improved acceptance of the richness in differences.

 

Each preacher found ways to call out the torturous human complexity within and before us, and all around us. The preaching spoke to the varying levels of real existence. The preachers themselves were generous and understanding—and compassionately aesthetic when they spoke in a comforting, decent, civil language that said life often is tough on all God’s wounded children.

 

The sermons insisted in varying degrees of sobriety that life together in community and family can be joyous, given a hopeful attitude of not giving up amid the longing and striving for social, political, and personal renewal. Each sermonizer seemed to respect both the tragedies and triumphs of the past, with each nevertheless pointing to the challenging promises of a hoped-for brighter future.

 


Each spoke hard truths resolutely yet sympathetically. Not surprisingly perhaps they used conventional images of light. They appealed to the congregants not to capitulate to darkness and despair, and to indifference which is the opposite of love. They spoke the difficult truths of how the past continues to affect the unknown future of what our life together might look like.

·         At the Ascension Christmas Eve Mass at 4 p.m., preacher Fr. Myles Sheehan was passionate that “God takes delight in you” and that the coming of Emmanuel (from the Greek for “God with us”) means that “God is not against us,” a strong echo of the apostle Paul's comforting question in Romans 8:31. The homilist said, “We are a mess” but still our lives are deeply graced by God and rich in complexity. While we might otherwise “feel overwhelmed by banality and stupidity,” the coming of Jesus is “the definitively remarkable” peacemaking event of history.

 

·         At the late afternoon Advent Jazz Vespers service at Good Shepherd the Sunday before—known as “Gaudete” Sunday, Latin for “joy” from the day’s scriptural texts—preacher Rev. Barbara Berry-Bailey talked movingly of “the human tendency to stereotype and make snap judgments,” a practice that can keep us separated, she said, from the embodied peacemaking and joy when engaging family members and neighbors.

 

·         The conversational, colloquial story-telling style of preacher Rev. John Hays at First Presbyterian, at the 8 p.m. Christmas Eve candlelight service, was a glad surprise. In an elated, urgent voice, the preacher ardently told of the wonders—as opposed to the calamities—of the unexpected. The preacher drew easily yet insistently from the day’s scripture readings of the unexpected circumstances of Jesus’ birth, repeating key words of mystery and wonder, enlivening the sense of God’s abundant presence and love of humankind through the liberating birth. Handel’s Messiah, a favored musical oratorio of the season, calls Jesus “wonderful”…”counselor”…”the prince of peace.” The preacher affirmed that the presence of Jesus is fulfillment of God’s faithful promise down through the ages to be with us—variously termed “an enfleshment” of God’s comfort and peace in human form. Historically that happening has come to be accepted as an extraordinary occurrence in the time of Jesus, as well as now in our own times of brutality and great political discord.

 

·         A little later at the 11 p.m. candlelight service at Galewood Community Church, congregants read from the traditional texts of the season from the Old Testament (Isaiah) and the New Testament (Luke). That ritual action was then followed by three preachers—pastor Rev. Jo Carole Bundy, associate pastor Rev. Dr. Calvin Morris, and minister of reconciliation Ms. Charlene Hill—separately offering a prayerful series of mini-preachments related to the imaginative power of the readings. Each was a prayer, first, of lamentation about pain and suffering and, second, of elation when affliction is transformed into joy. There was an additional challenge to the congregation with the use of the powerful words of theologian, author, mystic, and poet Howard Thurman. His lyrical words were a reminder that the work of Christmas is: to find the lost, to heal the broken, to feed the hungry, to release the prisoner, to rebuild the nations, to bring peace among sisters and brothers, and to make music in the heart.

 

·         And last, at the 9 a.m. Christmas morning Mass at St. Bernardine, in his homily the preacher, Rev. John Rolek, drew the pragmatic picture of faith in a God whose love for humanity, now beleaguered seemingly on all sides, sent Jesus as a “sure sign of hope in peace and in the promise of freedom from oppression.”


Our thanks go to each of the seven preachers total. Each shared the leadership with the congregated believers for speaking locally and universally, in both old and new ways, about the fragile and hard truths of life in its perplexities and contradictions, its charms and rewards.

 

Good out loud, vocal, ethical preaching seems to touch the bases: the ambiguities and paradoxes of existence, the weariness and its demonic hold on us, the moments of excited insight and blessed assurance. The preaching styles stayed reasonably simple in content and delivery.

 

And now in these post-Christmas days, those varied messages of hope commingled with pain are still providing us two with the opportunity to think about, learn from each sermon’s fullness of texts deployed and from knowledge the preacher shared. It did not hurt preaching’s cause, of course, when a sermon quoted from the newspaper, or from a TV show or, even better, quoted lines about lightness and darkness—or awe and alienation—from a novel of robust adventure.

 

Equally appreciated were the smidgens of dynamic poetry, brought into sermonic play as a delightful instrument to entertain and edify.

 

We were among the willing hearers. We took pleasure when the preaching roamed the perplexity of the human geography. Preaching is especially a gift when it offers a euphonic and compassionate picture of God's grace and mercy coming through the dissonance and life-denying inanities of troubled and tumultuous times.

 

In each of the five different pulpit settings, it was the whole picture that seemed to sustain and comfort. Wholeness is whole and real and, therefore, holy. Congregants heard that we’re all something of a human and divine adventure in progress. We are the accumulation of what has gone before us from biblical times, and up to now.

 

Occasionally some of our family members and friends will tell us that good preaching can, yes, embolden them to be supremely, lovingly confident in God, to live life more fully, to not fear loneliness, isolation, and death. An abiding sense of wholeness can help us to do and say and be anything in the name of honoring God’s gifts, extended throughout the human family. The preachers spoke of graceful ways to rejoice in suffering when it befalls, urging us to see beyond the prevailing pains of the pressing present.

Conceivably if wholeness is the big picture which the preaching painted in words and images, then we really did hear and see the miracle experience of Advent and Christmas. We face so much upheaval and change that is social and economic and religious in impact. Isn't that what any good preacher wants then? To say something worth hearing? Something for the hearer to ponder against the swirling hurricanes of hopelessness and the rushing tsunamis of despair?


Thus we two are now in a post-holiday season of giving thanks with grateful hearts for the good preaching that bathed us in love and purpose. It has opened us to receiving—embracing dare we say?—a greater measure of grace from hearing true and real messages, not only about our fallen human condition but, more important, messages about the marvelous ingenuity and potential of the human spirit to endure and thrive.

 

History may be a useful guide here. American philosopher George Santayana said, Those who do not learn from the mistakes of history are doomed to repeat them. Good preaching, we think, is one way to sustain us—first in not repeating mistakes, and second in birthing
something new, authentic, perhaps life-changing.

 

At the end of the service when leaving, we thanked each preacher as we were able for the beauty of an ardent and real message. We appreciated the preacher’s courage in challenging us to grow in compassion. The seasonal scriptures tell us God was compassionate beyond belief in sending the Christ child: God’s way of gifting and gracing us with freedom from oppression of self and others.

 

To echo the compelling, ethical, uniquely American preaching (from the pulpit and from their writings) of Reinhold Niebuhr in the mid-20th Century and Ella Pearson Mitchell in our own day, good preaching calls the people of God to the active work of justice and mercy. In response to that joy-to-the-world call, we ourselves learned that local preaching does indeed demonstrate the capacity to show some of the universal ways we let heaven AND nature sing.

 


References: Kathy Black, Worship Across Cultures: A Handbook (1998); E. K. Bailey and Warren W. Wiersbe, Preaching in Black and White: What We Can Learn from Each Other (2003);  Oscar E. Feucht, Everyone a Minister: A Guide to Churchmanship for Laity and Clergy (1974); Willard Jabusch, The Person in the Pulpit: Preaching As Caring (1987); Samuel D. Proctor and William D. Watley, Sermons from the Black Pulpit (1984)

 


 

Jim Boushay and Rickey Sain, Sr. serve, respectively, as president and executive director of Resources Unlimited, an education institute in social justice and civic engagement. Their co-published essays, articles, and reviews on religious and secular subjects have appeared in a range of print and electronic venues.

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